WWI Digest 287 Topics covered in this issue include: 1) WWI in the Air (10 Oct 1916) by Paul Silbermann 2) Re: Maxim machine gun? by t_eisen@ix.netcom.com (Thomas Eisenhour) 3) BETW: sort of, looking for reference books by MCCLURE@skynet.litc.lockheed.com 4) Old Windsock Internationals by Graham Nash 5) one more acronym by "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" 6) Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann by "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" 7) RE: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann by "PETER KILDUFF, UNIVERSITY RELATIONS, 21791" 8) Re: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann by Mick Fauchon 9) RE: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann by Mick Fauchon 10) Colour by Mick Fauchon 11) Re: Colour by "Shelley Goodwin" 12) Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic by "Shelley Goodwin" 13) Re: BETW: sort of, looking for reference books by "Shelley Goodwin" 14) Re: Rigging: David L. by Robert Godfrey 15) Re: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann by bshatzer@orednet.org (Bill Shatzer) 16) Re: Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic by bshatzer@orednet.org (Bill Shatzer) 17) Re: Boche Balloon Busters by "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" 18) Re: Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic by breuer@itz-koeln.de (Dietmar Breuer) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Thu, 10 Oct 96 08:19:59 EDT From: Paul Silbermann To: WWI list , , Subject: WWI in the Air (10 Oct 1916) Message-ID: <199610101218.IAA08524@pease1.sr.unh.edu> 10/10/1916 British aircraft attack rail targets and billets behind German lines (locations not given). German aircraft and long-range artillery attack Gerardmer (se of Epinal) and Belfort (no damage reported). French aircraft report 73 air-to-air engagements (15, Verdun area; 14, s of the Somme; 44 n of the Somme). French aircraft attack bivouacs nr Peronne, the aerodrome at Tergnier, the rail stations at St. Quentin and Guiscard, the wood at Porquericourt, and a train on the Annois-Ham rail line. CP aircraft attack Constantza and the banks of the Danube. German aircraft attack a troop transport at Constantza. CP seaplanes attack the port of Constantza. _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.258. Austrian aircraft attack Monfalcone and Staranzano. British aircraft attack Turkish camp at Gussabs Fort (11 miles se of Dujailah Redoubt, nr Kut). _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.259. LCol Fuchs (Russian Imperial General Staff; att. British HQ) is buried at Varennes. "The impressiveness of the ceremony was deepened by the continual booming of the guns, and throughout a British aeroplane, a messenger of courtesy and respect from the Royal Flying Corps, circled overhead." _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.259. "Overhead five or six French observation aeroplanes were directing the fire of the batteries. The fighting planes were engaged further afield, and two German Aviatiks took advantage of their absence to sneak over the French front lines. They 'spotted' our party, which was rather large for the advanced trenches, and mistaking us for people of importance, the began to make themselves objectionable. First they threw down a bomb or two, which all burst clear of the parapet and produced no more effect than the shells which were bursting not far away. Then one of the aviators evidently decided that we were offering him an excellent op portunity for machine-gun practice, and he proceeded to put bullet after bullet into the parapet of the trench on either side of us. It is not easy to shoot from an aeroplane at a mark on the ground, and, considering the instability of his machine, the German made fair practice. At any rate, his bullets came with a vicious hiss and a dull thud as they hit the ground distinctly nearer than was pleasant. "To avoid this importunate enemy, who, as he wheeled round and round over our heads, seeking for the most convenient positions in which to sting, like an exasperated hornet, we sought temporary refuge in a major's dugout. It was once the shelter of a German commander, and it was extremely comfortably fitted out. After a pleasant conversation with the French officers stationed there we started on again and hound that our aerial tormenter had given up his attempt as a bad job. A few well-aimed shrapnel shells had persuaded him that he had urgent business over the German lines, and he worried us no more. <_Morning Post_ correspondent; date not confirmed> _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.259. -- night of 10/11 Oct -- French aircraft attack the Lorrach establishment (Grand Duchy of Baden), the aerodrome at Colmar, and the rail station at Mulheim. _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.258. -- night of 10/11 Oct -- Austrian seaplanes attack harbor, aerodrome, and batteries at Vlora (report claims large fires and burning oil tanks visible). _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.259. -- Claims and Admitted Losses -- British forces claim 1 German aircraft shot down n of Neuville St. Vaast. British aircraft claim 1 German aircraft shot down and 2 "severely damaged" from a group of 7 engaged by 2 British aircraft. 4 British aircraft missing. French aircraft claim 4 German aircraft shot down n of the Somme (incl. 1 by Adj Dorme, 13th) and 6 "seriously hit" and forced to land. German aircraft claim 8 Allied aircraft shot down (4 each side of the line). _Aeronautics_ (London), 18 Oct 1916, p.258. -- British Losses -- * FE2b No.6992 (No.11 Sqn) shot down in flames ne of Bapaume; listed as MIA KIA: Haxton, Sgt E. KIA: Jeffs, Cpl B. G. F. Trevor Henshaw, _The Sky Their Battlefield_ (London: Grub Street, 1995), p.117. * BE2c No.4162 (No.16 Sqn) hit by grond fire WIA: Franklin, 2Lt R. V. (observer not injured) Henshaw, p.117. * FE2b No.4918 (No.23 Sqn) hit by enemy aircraft over Achiet le Grand; observer lands aircraft after pilot incapacitated KIA: Adams, Capt R. N. (observer not injured) Henshaw, p.117. * DH2 No.A2540 (No.24 Sqn) shot down nr Mory-Vraucourt (poss. Muller claim); listed as MIA POW: Middlebrook, 2Lt N. Henshaw, p.117. * DH2 No.A2556 (No.24 Sqn) damaged by enemy aircraft; force lands nr Mealte (poss. Zander claim) WIA: Cockerell, Sgt S. Henshaw, p.117. * FE2b No.4292 (No.25 Sqn) shot down nr Oppy? (poss. Kosmahl/Neuberger claim); listed as MIA KIA: Hayne, 2Lt M. KIA: Copeland, Lt A. H. M. (Canadian) Henshaw, p.117. * Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter No.A382 (No.70 Sqn) shot down over Bapaume (poss. Imelmann claim); listed as MIA POW: Lawton, Lt J. B. DoW: Lawledge, 2Lt F. M. Henshaw, p.117. * Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter No.A1921 (No.70 Sqn) hit by ground fire WIA: Corry, 2Lt F. C. (pilot not injured) Henshaw, p.117. **************** WWI in the Air (10 Oct 1916) ***************** ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 05:24:14 -0700 From: t_eisen@ix.netcom.com (Thomas Eisenhour) To: wwi Subject: Re: Maxim machine gun? Message-ID: <199610101224.FAA12299@dfw-ix3.ix.netcom.com> Mah Fellow Texan Scott wrote: >Was the Maxim the basis for the Hotchkiss? I was told this by a friend, and >I realize the many Maxims formed the basis for many other designs foreign >and domestic, but which ones were they? The Maxim and Browning systems were recoil-operated; the Hotchkiss was gas-operated. Totally different concepts. A BRIEF HISTORY In 1893, The Hotchkiss company purchased the rights to the patent outright from the inventor, Austrian nobleman the Graf von Odkolek (described by Harry Woodman as "naive"). Hotchkiss engineer Laurence Benet redesigned and perfected the gun in 1895 and the French Army adopted the weapon two years later. The 1909 Model was the first version to be used in aircraft, both as a free and a fixed gun. The feed strip protruding from the right-hand side made the gun awkward to use as a free weapon and a 75-round drum was subsequently developed. The Hotchkiss was the standard French aircraft weapon for the first two years of the war and was the gun Roland Garros mounted to his Morane-Saulnier Type L with steel wedges on the propeller blades. More than you asked for! Come to Austin on Saturday for the Austin Scale Modelers Society annual contest! Pass the word in Houston, would ya? Tom -- Tom Eisenhour t_eisen@ix.netcom.com ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 6:44:32 -0700 (PDT) From: MCCLURE@skynet.litc.lockheed.com To: WWI Subject: BETW: sort of, looking for reference books Message-ID: <961010064432.20232716@skynet.litc.lockheed.com> Looking at the wonderful Blue Rider decals of the Soviet and White Russian aircraft, I am getting very curious about the various military actions tha occurred during the Russian revolution, especially any regarding Allied intervention. Does anybody out there have any favorite works that covers this area? Thanks. Kent McClure ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 14:32:27 -0700 From: Graham Nash To: wwi Subject: Old Windsock Internationals Message-ID: <199610101358.AA05094@egate.citicorp.com> I'm looking for Windsock International back issues, volumes 1-3, virtually inclusive. Anyone got copies they would sell or trade... ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 10:04:47 -0700 From: "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" To: wwi Subject: one more acronym Message-ID: <325D2CAF.BAD@host.dmsc.net> What about (all you Jasta enthusiasts) HuB!--? (Hals und Beinbruch!) Bradley ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 10:18:42 -0700 From: "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" To: wwi Subject: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann Message-ID: <325D2FF2.5D99@host.dmsc.net> Someone on the history list mentioned a German balloon buster named Guntermann-- does anyone know of any published material on him? Bradley ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 10:45:08 -0400 (EDT) From: "PETER KILDUFF, UNIVERSITY RELATIONS, 21791" To: wwi Subject: RE: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann Message-ID: <961010104508.22a36a84@CCSUA.CTSTATEU.EDU> The pilot you seek is Heinrich Gontermann. You'll get farther with that spelling. Heinz Nowarra did a book about 30+ years ago: _Der Ballonto"ter_but not sure how to find it in this country. ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Oct 1996 09:02:50 +1000 (EST) From: Mick Fauchon To: wwi Cc: Multiple recipients of list Subject: Re: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann Message-ID: > Someone on the history list mentioned a German balloon buster named > Guntermann-- does anyone know of any published material on him? Heinrich Gontermann, perchance? Mick. -- -- Mick Fauchon | Internet: ulmjf@dewey.newcastle.edu.au Reference Section, Auchmuty Library | Ph (intl+61+49) 215861 University of Newcastle, AUSTRALIA | Fax (intl+61+49) 215833 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M M M Tasmanian Devil: "#@%!&^*%%...!#@!&**%^@@#$#-+*+*&##@...!!" M M M M Yosemite Sam : "Cut out that Army talk!..Yer in the Navy now!" M M M MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Oct 1996 09:08:42 +1000 (EST) From: Mick Fauchon To: wwi Cc: Multiple recipients of list Subject: RE: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann Message-ID: On Thu, 10 Oct 1996, PETER KILDUFF, UNIVERSITY RELATIONS, 21791 wrote: > The pilot you seek is Heinrich Gontermann. You'll get farther with > that spelling. Heinz Nowarra did a book about 30+ years ago: _Der Ballonto "ter_but not sure how to find it in this country. > Thanks, Peter. Bradley, Belay my last message 80) Mick. ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Oct 1996 09:21:05 +1000 (EST) From: Mick Fauchon To: WW1Av Subject: Colour Message-ID: Hi, guys. Any of you Luftwaffe buffs ever heard of a colour RLM 77 Hellgrau? I've heard it vaguely referred to as "civilian light grey"; it may have been used on pre/early Luftwaffe aircraft. Yes, I'm still working on my He-51.....not to mention my Albatros DV, my **-**9b, Pfalz DXII.....the list goes on...sigh! TIA, Mick. -- -- Mick Fauchon | Internet: ulmjf@dewey.newcastle.edu.au Reference Section, Auchmuty Library | Ph (intl+61+49) 215861 University of Newcastle, AUSTRALIA | Fax (intl+61+49) 215833 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M M M Tasmanian Devil: "#@%!&^*%%...!#@!&**%^@@#$#-+*+*&##@...!!" M M M M Yosemite Sam : "Cut out that Army talk!..Yer in the Navy now!" M M M MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 96 18:08:52 PST From: "Shelley Goodwin" To: wwi Subject: Re: Colour Message-ID: <9609108449.AA844996121@mx.Ricochet.net> Mick, I'll risk answering this technically disallowed subject/question (off-topic & all). My RLM color data is sketchy, but I do have one reference to 77 being used for letter stenciling on the Do 217M. Also have some numbers-RLM 77 = Methuen 30 C 1/2 or F.S.26408. Hope that helps. Good Luck Riordan ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Colour Author: wwi@pease1.sr.unh.edu at Internet Date: 10/10/96 4:17 PM Hi, guys. Any of you Luftwaffe buffs ever heard of a colour RLM 77 Hellgrau? I've heard it vaguely referred to as "civilian light grey"; it may have been used on pre/early Luftwaffe aircraft. Yes, I'm still working on my He-51.....not to mention my Albatros DV, my **-**9b, Pfalz DXII.....the list goes on...sigh! TIA, Mick. -- -- Mick Fauchon | Internet: ulmjf@dewey.newcastle.edu.au Reference Section, Auchmuty Library | Ph (intl+61+49) 215861 University of Newcastle, AUSTRALIA | Fax (intl+61+49) 215833 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M M M Tasmanian Devil: "#@%!&^*%%...!#@!&**%^@@#$#-+*+*&##@...!!" M M M M Yosemite Sam : "Cut out that Army talk!..Yer in the Navy now!" M M M MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 96 17:15:20 PST From: "Shelley Goodwin" To: wwi Subject: Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic Message-ID: <9609108449.AA844996102@mx.Ricochet.net> Mick, I read about his unfortunate and rather grisly end. Do you have more details & a reference of his Freikorps exploits? What kinda plane did he fly? S-S D.III? Inquisitively, Riordan ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Re: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic Author: wwi@pease1.sr.unh.edu at Internet Date: 10/9/96 6:14 PM Riordan, > Did Rudolf Berthold fly in the Baltic states during his stint with the > Freikorps after the War? Yes, apparently he did, with his own "private" Freikorps. Unfortunately he was murdered by Communists in Hamburg [I'm sorry to say 80(] in 1920. Cheers, Mick. -- -- Mick Fauchon | Internet: ulmjf@dewey.newcastle.edu.au Reference Section, Auchmuty Library | Ph (intl+61+49) 215861 University of Newcastle, AUSTRALIA | Fax (intl+61+49) 215833 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M M M Tasmanian Devil: "#@%!&^*%%...!#@!&**%^@@#$#-+*+*&##@...!!" M M M M Yosemite Sam : "Cut out that Army talk!..Yer in the Navy now!" M M M MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 96 17:50:43 PST From: "Shelley Goodwin" To: wwi Subject: Re: BETW: sort of, looking for reference books Message-ID: <9609108449.AA844996111@mx.Ricochet.net> Kent, Your timing is perfect; I happen to be on the verge of putting up a web page on the aviation of what has been called "the worst reported conflict of modern times" and a 'secondary' conflict, although it was the very root of the Cold War. "Wings of Revolution" will hopefully be of crossover interest to folks on this page, as it deals with WWI aircraft and RAF, Russian, and a few anonymous German and Austro- Hungarian pilots serving in post-war Russia in what has come to be referred to as the Russian Civil War (1918-1922). The page will focus on the RAF's operations against the Bolsheviks, but will also include other aspects of the aerial campaigns as data becomes available. A few titles included in the bibliography: Last Train Over Rostov Bridge by an American, Marion Hughes Aten An Air Fighter's Scrapbook by WWI RAF veteran Ira Jones (40 victories) A Fighter Pilot's Story by the dauntless Raymond Collishaw (63?) Gatchina Days by the redoubtable Russian, Alexander Riaboff Flight of Eagles by David Karolevitz about the Americans of the Kosciuszko Squadron in the Russo-Polish War (1920) At War With the Bolsheviks and The Red Falcons by Robert Jackson Note: Most of these books are more than 20 years out-of-print, so they may only be gotten through libraries or specialty booksellers. Welcome to one of the most obscure and savory corners of military history. Riordan Goodwin ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: BETW: sort of, looking for reference books Author: wwi@pease1.sr.unh.edu at Internet Date: 10/10/96 6:44 AM Looking at the wonderful Blue Rider decals of the Soviet and White Russian aircraft, I am getting very curious about the various military actions tha occurred during the Russian revolution, especially any regarding Allied intervention. Does anybody out there have any favorite works that covers this area? Thanks. Kent McClure ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 21:31:40 -0500 (CDT) From: Robert Godfrey To: wwi Subject: Re: Rigging: David L. Message-ID: <199610110231.VAA04264@guitar.sound.net> At 06:21 PM 10/8/96 -0400, DavidL1217 wrote: >Precision Enterprises (ad in Fine Scale Modeler) sells a nifty .006 ceramic >rigging fibre for $4.95 for 10 ft. > >Measure with dividers, snip, and attach with Elmers. Great stuff. Paint it > in steel gray, it's excellent. > _________________________ David Could you give us the address (email too, if any) of Precision Enterprises to save us getting the magazine to look it up? My hobby store had a listing for Precision Crafts and Precision Scale Models, but not Precision Enterpirses. Thanks, Bob G. rgodfrey@sound.net ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 20:16:42 -0700 From: bshatzer@orednet.org (Bill Shatzer) To: wwi Subject: Re: Boche Balloon Buster--Guntermann Message-ID: <199610110316.AA23237@ednet1.orednet.org> Bradley wrote: >Someone on the history list mentioned a German balloon buster named >Guntermann-- does anyone know of any published material on him? Gontermann is the correct spelling, first name Heinrich. There is a short bio of Gontermann in the old Harleyford "Air Aces of the 1914-1918 War" book. 39 aerial victories; 21 aircraft, 18 balloons. Commander of Jasta 5 and later Jasta 15. Pour le Merite holder, of course. Killed October 30, 1917 when his Fokker Dr.I 115/17 suffered one of the structural wing failures that plagued the early triplanes. Alex Imrie's book "The Fokker Triplane" contains a copy of the accident investigation report on the crash but only some scattered information on Gontermann himself. Cheers, -- -Bill Shatzer bshatzer@orednet.org- "Look, strange women lying on their backs in ponds handing out swords ... that's no basis for a system of government. Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony." ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 20:27:16 -0700 From: bshatzer@orednet.org (Bill Shatzer) To: wwi Subject: Re: Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic Message-ID: <199610110327.AA27501@ednet1.orednet.org> Mick wrote regarding Rudolf Berthold: > Yes, apparently he did, with his own "private" Freikorps. >Unfortunately he was murdered by Communists in Hamburg [I'm sorry to say 80(] >in 1920. The Harleyford "Air Aces of the 1914-1918" gives the location of Berthold's demise at the hands of the local Spartakus Bund as "Harburg", not "Hamburg". Is that a misprint on their part? I can't find any "Harburg" in my atlas so I'm guessing it's a misprint. But can anybody else confirm Mick's information that "Hamburg" is correct? [No, I'm not doubting you Mick, just asking for a second opinion. :-) ] Cheers, -- -Bill Shatzer bshatzer@orednet.org- "Look, strange women lying on their backs in ponds handing out swords ... that's no basis for a system of government. Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony." ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Oct 1996 23:30:51 -0700 From: "Marian Hollinger, Bradley Omanson" To: wwi Subject: Re: Boche Balloon Busters Message-ID: <325DE99B.707B@host.dmsc.net> Thanks Bill, and to everyone who has offered information-- this will be enough to start my research on Heinrich Gontermann. I now know enough to eliminate both Gontermann and Fritz Roth of Jasta 15 as the German my grandfather saw flame a string of balloons sometime in 1918. Roth flew only against the British, while my grandfather was only on French fronts, and Gonterman was dead before my grandfather arrived in France. Nonetheless, I am starting a file on any German balloon buster I can find, and I would very much like to hear further suggestions-- all of which I will follow up on. Thanks to everyone again-- Bradley Bill Shatzer wrote: > > Bradley wrote: > > >Someone on the history list mentioned a German balloon buster named > >Guntermann-- does anyone know of any published material on him? > > Gontermann is the correct spelling, first name Heinrich. > > There is a short bio of Gontermann in the old Harleyford "Air > Aces of the 1914-1918 War" book. 39 aerial victories; > 21 aircraft, 18 balloons. Commander of Jasta 5 and later > Jasta 15. Pour le Merite holder, of course. Killed October > 30, 1917 when his Fokker Dr.I 115/17 suffered one of the structural > wing failures that plagued the early triplanes. Alex Imrie's > book "The Fokker Triplane" contains a copy of the accident > investigation report on the crash but only some scattered information > on Gontermann himself. > > Cheers, > > -- > -Bill Shatzer bshatzer@orednet.org- > "Look, strange women lying on their backs in ponds handing out swords ... > that's no basis for a system of government. Supreme executive power derives > from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony." ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Oct 1996 06:36:59 GMT From: breuer@itz-koeln.de (Dietmar Breuer) To: wwi Subject: Re: Re[2]: Lewis Guns/Sorta Off Topic Message-ID: <199610110636.GAA07454@ns.itz-koeln.de> Bill wrote >The Harleyford "Air Aces of the 1914-1918" gives the location of Berthold's >demise at the hands of the local Spartakus Bund as "Harburg", not >"Hamburg". Is that a misprint on their part? I can't find any "Harburg" >in my atlas so I'm guessing it's a misprint. But can anybody else confirm >Mick's information that "Hamburg" is correct? Harburg is a part of the city of Hamburg, I think it lies south of the center, there is a railway station named Hamburg-Harburg. Dietmar ----------------------------------------------------------------------------= --- Dietmar Breuer =20 Informationstechnik-Zentrum K=F6ln Eupener Stra=DFe 150 50933 K=F6ln Tel: 0221 - 49707 24 =20 Fax: 0221 - 49707 12 EMail: breuer@itz-koeln.de =20 ------------------------------ End of WWI Digest 287 *********************